It was soon realised that, the new Bose-Einstein statistics was applicable to particles with integers spins, and a new quantum statistics (Fermi -Dirac statistics) was needed for particles, with half integers spins satisfying Pauli's exclusion principle. Einstein then applied the same method to a gas of molecules., The key new conceptual ingredient in Bose's work was that the particles were, regarded as indistinguishable, a radical departure from the assumption that, underlies the classical Maxwell-Boltzmann statistics. Here in 1924, in a brilliant flash of insight, Bose, gave a new derivation of Planck.s law, treating radiation as a gas of photons, and employing new statistical methods of counting of photon states., He wrote a short paper on the subject and sent it to Einstein who immediately, recognised its great significance, translated it in German and forwarded it for, publication.

An outstanding student throughout, Bose started his, career in 1916 as a lecturer in physics in Calcutta University five years later, he joined Dacca University. The year 2005 was declared as, International Year of Physics, in recognition of Einstein's monumental contribution, to physics, in year 1905, describing revolutionary scientific ideas that have since, influenced all of modern physics.,, Satyendranath Bose (1894-1974), Satyendranath Bose, born in Calcutta in 1894, is among the great Indian, physicists who made a fundamental contribution to the advance of science in, the twentieth century. Some of Einstein's most significant later contributions are: the notion, of stimulated emission introduced in an alternative derivation of Planck's, blackbody radiation law, static model of the universe which started modern, cosmology, quantum statistics of a gas of massive bosons, and a critical analysis, of the foundations of quantum mechanics. He also created the general version, of relativity (The General Theory of Relativity), which is the modern theory of, gravitation. In the next decade, he explored the consequences of his new, theory which included, among other things, the mass-energy equivalence, enshrined in his famous equation E = mc2.

The third paper, gave birth to the special theory of relativity that made Einstein a legend in his, own life time. In the second paper, he developed a theory, of Brownian motion that was confirmed experimentally a few years later and, provided a convincing evidence of the atomic picture of matter. In the first paper, he introduced the notion of light quanta (now called photons) and used it to, explain the features of photoelectric effect that the classical wave theory of, radiation could not account for. His astonishing scientific career began, with the publication of three path-breaking papers in 1905. Scalar and vector quantities, Position and, displacement vectors,general vectors and notation, equality of vectors, multiplication of vectors by a real number, addition, and subtraction of vectors.Ģ, ALBERT EINSTEIN (1879-1955), Albert Einstein, born in Ulm, Germany in 1879, is universally regarded as one, of the greatest physicists of all time. 1,, C,, 01, h ontents, apter,, Basic Mathematics used in, Physics & Vectors,, 01.,, Trigonometry,, 3,, 02.,, Co-ordinate geometry,, 7,, 03.,, Differentiation,, 9,, 04.,, Integration,, 11,, 05.,, Some standard graphs and their equations,, 14,, 06.,, Algebra,, 14,, 07.,, Geometry,, 18,, 08.,, Types of vectors,, 19,, 09.,, Addition of two vectors,, 21,, 10.,, Addition of more than two vectors,, 23,, 11.,, Subtraction of two vectors,, 23,, 12.,, Resolution of a vector,, 24,, 13.,, Multiplication and Division of a Vector by a Scalar,, 28,, 14.,, Scalar products of two vectors,, 28,, 15.,, Vector products of two vectors,, 30,, 16.,, Exercise-I (Conceptual Questions),, 34,, 17.,, Exercise-II (Previous Years Questions),, 41,, 18.,, Exercise-III (Analytical Questions),, 42,, NEET SYLLABUS, Elementary concepts of differentiation and integration for describing motion.

Motion graph physics form 4